Cultivator



(No Model.)

` lllillllllllllllllllll i3 C' 8i DAVIS. 2 sheets-sheet 1.

GUL'I'IVATOR.

Patented Jan'. 26,1891 Fa?,

(No Model.) '2 sheet's-sheetz.

` G. W. & lVI. R. DAVIS.

-0ULT1vAToR- No. 576,039. Patented Jan. 26,1897..

J @Kg/Q draft-tongue secured to an arch 2 by means -of a suitable clamp 3.

UNITED STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE.

I CHARLES IVOOD DAVIS AND NORTON R. DAVIS, OF NEAR PEOTONE,

, KANSAS.

ou I Tlv'ATo R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 576,039, dated January 26, 1897.

Application tiled October 16, 1896. Serial No. 609,161. (No model.)

To all wiz/0711, t may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES IVOOD DAVIS and MORTON R. DAVIS, citizens of the United States, residing near Peotone,Viola township, Sedgwick county, in the State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cultivators, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in cultivators containing the features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims. Figure I is a top or plan view of our improved machine. Figs. I and I" are enlarged detail top views showing the clamp and distance-block by which the shovels are secured tothe frames. Fig. II is a side view, the near wheel being omitted. Fig. III is a section taken on line III III, Fig. I. Fig. IV is a detail view showing part of the axle and part of the arch. Fig.. V is a vertical section taken on line V V, Fig. IV. Fig. VI is a similar view taken on line V I VI, Fig. IV. Fig. VII is a detail side view showing the manner of connecting the counterbalancesprings to the arch. Fig. VIII is a section taken on line VIII VIII, Fig. VII. Fig. IX is a detail view illustrating the manner in which rotary disks may be employed on the machine instead of shovels. Fig. X is a top or plan view of a modified form of frame for holding the shovels. Fig. XI is a top or plan view illustrating another form of frame.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents a 4 represents brace-rods extending from the tongue to the longer ends of the arch, these rods being secured to the tongue, on the inner side of the evener, by means of a bolt 5, and they are secured to the lower ends of the arch by means of oyebolts 6. (See Figs. I, III, and V.)

7 represents the wheels journaled on axles 8. The wheels are held from outward movement on the axles by means of linen-pins 9, and they are held from inward movement by means of split collars 10, that surround the axles, to which they are clamped by means of bolts 11, that pass through the out-turned ends of the collars, as seen in Fig. IV. 'lhe axles are secured to the arch 2 by means of clampplates 12, (see Fig. V,) the plates being made fast to the arch by means ot' the eyebolts 6 and by means of additional bolts 13. The plates are provided with swells 12 to receive the axles, and beneath the axles the plates are provided with tightening-bolts 14. In this manner the axles are firmly secured to the arch, and by loosening the bolts'lt the axles may be shifted endwise to change the distance apart of the ground-wheels, and then by tightening the bolts the wheels will be held to their adjustment.

15 represents brace-rods extending from the lcollars 10 to the tongue 1, the collars being provided with perforated lugs 16 to receive the lower ends of the rods. (See Fig. 1I.) It is obvious that these brace-rods will have to shift their point of contact with the tongue 1 when the wheels are adjusted in or out, and to permit this we secure the upper ends of the rods to the tongue by means of plates 17. (See Figs. I and II.) These plates are provided with slots 1S to receive the bolts 19, that connect the plates to the tongue. When the wheels are to be adjusted, the nuts on the bolt-s 19 are loosened, permitting the plates 1T to shift automatically along the tongue, either forward or backward, depending upon whether the wheels are to be moved near together or farther apart. When the wheels have been adjusted to the desired position, the nuts on the bolts'1'9 are again tightened, and the braces thus rigidly made fast again to the tongue.

2O represents a pair of frames having forward ly-extendin g central beams 21, made fast to the axles 8 between the wheels and the arch and occupying a position to the rear of the space between the wheels and extending across the line of the wheels. may be of diamond form, as shown in Fig. I, or they may be of rectangular form, as shown in Fig. X, or they may be of 'oval form, as shown in Fig. XI, or they may be of some other suitable shape.

The beams 21 are made fast to the axles 8' by means of clamps 22, (see Fig. IV,) that surround sleeves 23, fitting over the axles and These frames IOO held in place by split collars 24 on the axles at the ends of the sleeves. These collars have outturned ends through which bolts 25 are passed, and by tightening on these bolts the collars are clamped to the axles and hold the sleeves 23 from moving longitudinally on the axles. By loosening1 the collars the sleeves may be shifted on the axles to change lthe distance apart of the frames.

Each frame is composed of a border 2G and longitudinal bars 27, bolted to the border. To the ends of the border and to the longitudinal bars are secured the shovels 2S. The shovels are provided with shanks 29, preferably made hollow, (see Figs. I and IH) these shanks being non-circular in cross-section. The Shanks are preferably made hollow for the sake of lightness, and are made non-circular to prevent the turning of the shovels, and are set edge forward to more securely fasten them and to impart greater strength.

The shovel-Shanks are secured (edge forward) to the trame by means of clamps consisting of straps 30 and bolts 3l and distanceblocks 32. The ends or sides of the border of the frame and the longitudinal bars 27 are formed with perforations to receive the bolts 3l.

The distan ce--blocks are placed between the shovel-shanks and the ends or sides of the border, or between the shovel-Shanks and the bars 27, these blocks being notched to receive the shanks. By using distance-blocks of various thicknesses the shovels may be set out or in, this being illustrated in Figs. I*L and I, in the former of which a thin distance-block is shown and in the latter a thick distance-block.

The shauks of the outer shovels may be clamped either to the inside of the ends or sides of the border, as shown in the upper part of Fig. I, or to the outside, as shown in the lower part of Fig. I, and the shanks-of the inner shovels may be clamped to either side of the bars 27, as shown, thus providing for a wide range of adjustment in a horizontal direction, and by loosening the clamps the shovels may be adj usted vertically. The ends or sides of the border and the bars 27 are provided with numerous perforations, as shown by dotted lines in the upper part of Fig. I, so that the shovels may be adjusted forward or backward, and may be adjusted so as to make a V shape from the central shovel in each direction with the open part of the V to the rear, as shown in the upper part of Fig. I, or the shovels may be adjusted in V shape with the open part of the V presented forwardly, as shown in the lower part ot Fig. I. It is evident that the shovels may be set in a straight line across the frame, if desired, and the number in use varied at will.

The central shovel by its shank is secured to the central part of the frame by forming asocket 33 in the forward part of the frame to receive the shank of this shovel when the shovels are in the position shown in the upper part of Fig. I and by forming a socket 34 in the rear part of the frame to receive the shank of the central shovel when the shovels are arranged as shown in the lower part of Fig. I. The shank of the shovel is held in these sockets by means of bolts 25 and notched blocks The arrangement of the shovels, as shown in the upper part of Fig. I, is well adapted for use where the ground is coated with weeds or stalks, which will be deiiectedoutwardly by the arrangement of the shovels, while the arrangement shown in the lower part of Fig. I is better adapted for cultivating crops where the ground is not weedy or trashy.

From Fig. I it will be observed that our cultivator will till two com plete rows at one time. The rows are indicated by stars in this figure, and it will be observed that the shovels 0n each frame will work the entire surface between these rows, thus accomplishing much more work and with greater ease to the workman than can be done with the ordinary cultivator and doing it more eftectually, as the line of draft is in the center of each frame and there is no tendency to draw or deiect the frame out of a line that is parallel. with the row of plants.

It will be observed that the shovel-carry7- in g frames extend beyond the gro und-wheels, so that while the shovels upon each frame till the entire surface of the ground between two rows of plants, yet the wheels travel between the rows and away from the plants.

87 represents handles bolted to the frames 2O at 38, the connection being strengthened by means of braces 39.

To counterbalance all or part of the weight of the frames 2O and the parts that they carry, we employ springs 40. (See Figs. I, III, VII, and VIII.) The lower ends of these springs are made fast to the beams 2l of the frames, as shown in Fig. II, and the upper ends are made fast to the vertical parts of the arch by means ot arms 4l, which are adjustably secured to the arch, as shown in Fig. VIII, by means .of plates 42 and bolts L13. The arms extend outwardly and inwardly from the arch, as shown in Fig. III, and the inner ends of the springs are formed with loops 44 to receive the arms, (see Fig. VIL) to which they are clamped by means of bolts 45.

It will be seen that the springs can be shifted along the arms to suit the adjustment of the frames, and they can be situated on the inner ends of the arms within the arch instead of on the outer ends of the arms, as shown in Fig. III, and in cultivating narrow rows smaller frames than those shown may be coupled to the axles inside of the arch. The manner of attaching the springs to the arms holds them secured in position and provides at the same time for the easy adjustment of the springs upon the arms laterally.

IVe have shown our cultivator provided with four sin gletrees 4G to provide for .the attachment of four horses. The sin gletrees are attached to adjustable han gers Li7, depending IOO IIO

- end with a series of holes, as shown in Fig. I

from an evener 48, pivoted at 49 to the tongue l. Each end of the evener is provided with a section 50, secured thereto by means of a clevis 5l, and to these sections the hangers 47 are directly secured.

52 represents an equalizing-bar pivoted to the tongue l at 53, and at each end of which is a section 54, secured thereto by means of a clevis 55. From each end of each section 54 there extends a rod 5G, the lower ends of these rods being connected, respectively, to the lower parts of the hangers 47. The evener and equalizing-bar are both provided at each 7 to receive the clevis 5l and the clevis 55, so that the sections 50 and 54 of the evener and equalizing-bar, respectively, can be shifted in or out to adjust the position of the horses at will. By this arrangement for the attachment of four animals to the machine each animal will be located between two rows of plants, while the high position of the evener and equalizing-bar provides for the tilling of high plants without injury to the plants, the central row of the plants being received by the arch of the machine, one of the side rows being received between the ground-wheel on that side and the outer singletree on that side, and the other side row being received in like manner between the ground-wheel on its side of the machine and the sin gletree on this side.

Our machine is well adapted for the rapid stirring and working of fallows or orchard grounds, and when so used the two frames shown in Fig. I may be supplemented by a third. In doing this the machine would be opened out or adjusted substantially to near or quite its full width, and the other frame would be attached to the machine in between these two frames. To provide for this attachment, the axles S (or the divided axle, as it may be termed) are made continuous by a central section 57. (See Fig. IV and dotted lines, Fig. III.) This section 57 is secured to the inner ends of the axles 8 by means of clamps 5S, having outturned ends to receive bolts 59. (See Fig. VI.) IVhen this section 57 is applied, the axle is a continuous one, and the additional frame referred to is made fast by any suitable means to this central part of the axle, such, for instance, as a central beam 2l, sleeve 23a, and collars 24, as shown in Figs. III and IV.

Vhile we have shown and thus far spoken of shovels being attached to the frames 20, it is obvious that other soil-stirring tools may be used and attached to the frame in the same manner as the shovels are or by other suitable means.

In Fig. IX we have shown a number of pulverizing-disks 60, secured to a shaft 6l, having standards 62 for attachment to one of the frames, these standards being received and held by the means shown in Figs. I and Il for attaching the shovels.

By constructing a machine so that the full space between two rows of plants may be cultivated by each fra-me the machine is capable of doing twice the work of an ordinary cultivator or corn-plow, and the wheels travel at all times on uncultivated ground.

Should it be desired to use the machine for cultivating a single row at a time, that is to say, cultivating half o f the space on each side of a row of plants, or the whole of two narrow rows, it may be done by leaving off the outside shovels of each frame.

IVe claim as our invention--A l. A cultivator comprising an arch, groundwheels connected to the arch by means of adj ustable axles, and a pair of shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles between the wheels and which extend in the rear of and outwardly beyond the line of the wheels, substantially as set forth.

2. A culti vator comprising an arch, groundwheels connected to the arch by means of adjustable axles, and a pair of shovel-carrying frames Aadjustably secured to said axles between the wheels and which extend in the rear of and outwardly beyond the line of the wheels, substantially as set forth.

A cultivator comprising an arch, groundwheels conn ected to the arch, adjustable axles secured to said arch, and a pair of shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles, between t-he wheels and which extend outwardly beyond the line of the wheels, said frames each having a border and intermediate bars to which the shovels are attached, substantially as set forth.

IOO

4. Acultivator comprising an arch, groundwheels connected to the arch by means of axles laterally adjustable on said arch, and a pair of shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles between the wheels and which extend outwardly beyond the line of the wheels, said frames consisting each of a border and intermediate bars to which the shovel-Shanks are attached by means of clamps and distanceblocks, substantially as set forth.

5. In a cultivator, an arch, ground-wheels connected to the arch by means of axles, and shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles and which extend outwardly beyond 'the line of the wheels, said frames each havinga forward and a rear socket to receive the shank of the central shovel, and each having a border and intermediate bars to which the noncircular shanks of the shovels are attached, substantially as set forth.

G. A cultivator comprising an arch, groundwheels connected to the arch by means of axles, and a pair of shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles between the wheels, and counterbalance: springs connected to the beams of the shovel-carrying frames and which are made fast to said arch by means of arms clamped to the arch and extending inwardly and outwardly therefrom, said springs having loops, or sockets which fit over the inner or outer extensions of said arms at will and tightening-bolts for said loops or sockets substantially as set forth.

7. In a cultivator, an arch, ground-wheels connected to the arch by means of axles, shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles, a draft-tongue secured to said arch, an evener and an equalizing-bar pivoted to said tongue, and each having a section pivoted to each of its ends, hangers depending from the ends of the sections ofthe evener and provided with means for adjustable attachment to singletrees, and rods extendingfroin the ends of the sections of the equalizingbar to said hangers, substantially as set forth.

' S. In a cultivator, an arch, ground-wheels connected to the arch by means of axles, shovel-carrying frames secured to the axles, a draft-ton gue secured to the arch, an evener and an equaliZing-bar pivoted to said tongue, and each having an adjustable section at each of its ends, hangers depending from the ends of the sections of the evener and having means for the attachment of singletrees, and rods extending from the ends of the sections of the equalizing-bar to said hangers substantially as set forth.

9. In a cultivator, the combination of an arch, a draft-tongue secured to the arch, ground-wheels secured to the arch by means of axles upon which the wheels are adj ustably mounted and held from inward movement by means of collars surrounding said axles, brace-rods extending from said collars to said tongue and adj ustably-slotted plates to which said brace-rods are pivoted and by which said rods are connected to said tongue, substantially as set forth.

10. In a cultivator, the combination of an arch, a draft-tongue secured to the arch, ground-Wheels secured to the arch by means of axles upon which the wheels are adjustably mounted, brace-rods shiftable with the wheels and which are adjustably connected at their upper ends to said tongue, by means of slotted angle plates having transverse flanges in which said rods are pivoted, substantially as set forth.

11. In a cultivator, the combination of an arch, ground-wheels secured to the arch by axles, a pair of shovel-frames connected to said axles, a section of axle constructed for attachment and detachment between the ends of said wheel-axles, and an additional gangframe connected with said detachable section, substantially as set forth.

12. A cultivator comprising an arch, a tongue secured to the arch, an evener having adjustable extensions, an equalizer having adjustable extensions, axles adjustable in the arch., shovel-carrying frames'adjustable on the axles, and spring-supports for the shovelcarrying frames adjustable laterally and vertically on the arch, substantially as described.

13. A cultivator comprising an arch, an axle or a transverse bar divided for straddlerow cultivating, shovel-carrying frames attached to said transverse bar or axle, and a removably-secured central section 57, for making said transverse bar or axle contin nous for the attachment of a shovel-carryin g frame,

to cover the whole space.

14. A cultivator comprising an arch, the upper transverse bars and lower axles each projecting inwardly and outwardly on the arch, shovel-carrying frames connected with the axles and counterbalancing springs mounted on the upper bars; said bars and axles being also respectively7 adapted to receive the said frames and springs within the arch, as explained.

15. In acultivator, a shovel-carrying frame formed with a shovel-socket located at one end of the middle line, substantially as explained and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a shovel-carrying frame constructed with a shovel-socket at each end of its middle line and with suitable border and intermediate bars whereby a central shovel may be arranged at either front or back, and the remaining shovels spread outwardly therefrom, as herein explain ed and for the purpose set forth.

17.` In a cultivator, a shovel carrying frame, comprising a suitable border and intermediate bars secured to the border and adapted to have shovels attached thereto;

the middle bar being formed with a socket,

substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

G. WOOD DAVIS.

MORTON R. DAVIS.

In presence of- CHARLES G. D'Avis, T. R. MCCULLY. 

